Inventor and engineer Wilhelm Bauer had designed this vessel in 1850, and Schweffel and Howaldt constructed it in Kiel. The first submarine built in Germany, the three-man Brandtaucher, sank to the bottom of Kiel Harbor on 1 February 1851 during a test dive. Ultimately the U-boats were defeated in May 1943.Įarly U-boats (1850–1914) The first German submarine, the SM U-1. In World War II, Karl Dönitz supreme commander of the Kriegsmarine's U-boat arm ( Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote), was convinced the UK and its convoys could be defeated by new tactics, and tried to focus on convoy battles. Instead the campaign ensured final defeat as the campaign was a contributing factor to the entry of the US in the First World War. The renewed campaign failed to achieve its goal mainly because of the introduction of convoys. In World War I, Germany intermittently waged unrestricted submarine warfare against the UK: a first campaign in 1915 was abandoned after strong protests from the US but in 1917 the Germans, facing deadlock on the continent, saw no other option than to resume the campaign in February 1917. U-boats are most known for their unrestricted submarine warfare in both world wars, trying to disrupt merchant traffic towards the UK and force the UK out of the war. Austro-Hungarian Navy submarines were also known as U-boats. The term is an anglicised version of the German word U-Boot ⓘ, a shortening of Unterseeboot (under-sea boat), though the German term refers to any submarine. U-boats were naval submarines operated by Germany, particularly in the First and Second World Wars. U-995, a typical VIIC/41 U-boat on display at the Laboe Naval Memorial JSTOR ( September 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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